Demonstrative Adjectives in Spanish – This, That, These, Those
Demonstrative Adjectives indicate the relative position of a noun in terms of proximity to the speaker. They must agree in gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural) with the noun they describe. The demonstrative adjectives are: “este, esta” (this), “ese, esa” (that), “aquel, aquella” (that over there), and their plural forms “estos, estas” (these), “esos, esas” (those), “aquellos, aquellas” (those over there).
| MASCULINE SINGULAR | FEMININE SINGULAR | MASCULINE
PLURAL |
FEMININE
PLURAL |
|
| this | este /ˈes.te/ | esta /ˈes.ta/ | estos /ˈes.tos/ | estas /ˈes.tas/ |
| that | ese /ˈe.se/ | esa /ˈe.sa/ | esos /ˈe.sos/ | esas /ˈe.sas/ |
| that (over there) | aquel /aˈkel/ | aquella /aˈke.ʎa/ | aquellos /aˈke.ʎos/ | aquellas /aˈke.ʎas/ |
PRACTICE SENTENCES
| SENTENCE | PHONEMIC PRONUNCIATION | ||
| 1 | Este libro es interesante. | /ˈes.te ˈli.βɾo es in.te.ɾeˈsan.te/ | (This book is interesting.) |
| 2 | Esa casa es grande. | /ˈe.sa ˈka.sa es ˈɡɾan.de/ | (That house is big.) |
| 3 | Aquellos árboles son altos. | /aˈke.ʎos ˈaɾ.βo.les son ˈal.tos/ | (Those trees over there are tall.) |
| 4 | Estas sillas son cómodas. | /ˈes.tas ˈsi.ʎas son ˈko.mo.das/ | (These chairs are comfortable.) |
| 5 | Esos zapatos son nuevos. | /ˈe.sos saˈpa.tos son ˈnwe.βos/ | (Those shoes are new.) |
| 6 | Este coche es mío. | /ˈes.te ˈko.tʃe es ˈmi.o/ | (This car is mine.) |
| 7 | Ese perro es amigable. | /ˈe.se ˈpe.ro es a.miˈɡa.βle/ | (That dog is friendly.) |
| 8 | Aquella montaña es muy alta. | /aˈke.ʎa monˈta.ɲa es mui ˈal.ta/ | (That mountain over there is very high.) |
| 9 | Estas flores son hermosas. | /ˈes.tas ˈflo.ɾes son eɾˈmo.sas/ | (These flowers are beautiful.) |
| 10 | Esas manzanas están maduras. | /ˈe.sas manˈθa.nas esˈtan maˈdu.ɾas/ | (Those apples are ripe.) |
| 11 | Aquellos estudiantes son muy inteligentes. | /aˈke.ʎos es.tuˈðjan.tes son mui in.te.liˈxjen.tes/ | (Those students over there are very smart.) |
| 12 | Este niño juega en el parque. | /ˈes.te ˈni.ɲo ˈxwe.ɣa en el ˈpaɾ.ke/ | (This boy plays in the park.) |
| 13 | Esa película es aburrida. | /ˈe.sa peˈli.ku.la es aβuˈri.ða/ | (That movie is boring.) |
| 14 | Aquel avión vuela muy alto. | /aˈkel aˈβjon ˈβwe.la ˈmui ˈal.to/ | (That plane over there flies very high.) |
| 15 | Estos problemas son difíciles de resolver. | /ˈes.tos pɾoˈβle.mas son diˈfi.si.les de re.soˈβler/ | (These problems are hard to solve.) |